National Name: Mamlakat al Bahrayn
Languages: Arabic (official), English, Farsi, Urdu
Ethnicity/race: Bahraini 46%, Asian 45.5%, other Arabs 4.7%, African 1.6%, European 1%, other 1.2% (includes Gulf Co-operative country nationals, North and South Americans, and Oceanians) (2010 est.)
Religion: Muslim 70.3%, Christian 14.5%, Hindu 9.8%, Buddhist 2.5%, Jewish 0.6%, folk religion
National Holiday: National Day, December 16
Literacy rate: 94.6% (2010 est.)
Economic summary: GDP/PPP (2013 est): $34.96 billion; per capita $29,800. Real growth rate: 4.4%. Inflation: 3.1%. Unemployment: 15%. Arable land: 1.79%. Agriculture: fruit, vegetables; poultry, dairy products; shrimp, fish. Labor force: 716,500; note: 44% of the population in the 15–64 age group is non-national (2013); agriculture 1%, industry, commerce, and services 79%, government 20% (1997 est.). Industries: petroleum processing and refining, aluminum smelting, iron pelletization, fertilizers, offshore banking, ship repairing, tourism. Natural resources: oil, associated and nonassociated natural gas, fish, pearls. Exports: $20.69 billion (2013 est.): petroleum and petroleum products, aluminum, textiles. Imports: $14.41 billion (2013 est.): crude oil, machinery, chemicals. Major trading partners: Saudi Arabia, U.S., UAE, Japan, France, India, China (2004).
Communications: Telephones: main lines in use: 290,000 (2012); mobile cellular: 2.125 million (2012). Broadcast media: state-run Bahrain Radio and Television Corporation (BRTC) operates 5 terrestrial TV networks and several radio stations; satellite TV systems provide access to international broadcasts; 1 private FM station directs broadcasts to Indian listeners; radio and TV broadcasts from countries in the region are available (2007). Internet hosts: 47,727 (2012). Internet users: 419,500 (2009).
Transportation: Railways: 0 km. Highways: total: 4,122 km; paved: 3,392 (2010). Ports and harbors: Mina’ Salman, Sitrah. Airports: 4 (2013).